What is HTML?
HTML stands for "Hypertext Markup Language".
HTML is used to author documents or pages on the World Wide Web.
Web pages written in HTML tell Web browsers how to display their content.
What is "Hypertext"?
What makes HTML distinguishable from plain text is a feature that enables it to connect pages
to one another; these are called hyperlinks. By definition, " hypertext "
refers to documents that contain cross-references or links to different locations in
the same document or other documents.
Also, HTML provides the ability to use elements such as audio, video,
images and other types of content (this is sometimes referred as "hypermedia").
What does "Markup" mean?
The term "Markup" indicates that the code used in HTML documents
specifies what kind of data will be displayed on the monitor by the web
browsers. In other words, your web browser (Netscape or Internet Explorer,
for example) translates HTML tags into what you see on your screen when
you look at a web page.
Let's talk about tags:
Tags are used to specify HTML code. The tags are the elements of the code.
Some examples of required tags are <HTML> <HEAD>
<TITLE> and <BODY>. These tags are used to begin an HTML document.
Most tags are used in pairs surrounding the text, image or other object.
Beginning HTML tags contain angle bracket
(<), a tag name, and a right angle bracket (>) and the ending
HTML tags are same way except a slash (/) before the tag name.
For example, this is how you would write the title "Welcome to my page" in HTML:
<TITLE>
Welcome to my page
</TITLE>
HTML Tag Examples
 HTML
All of elements inserted between a beginning HTML tag and a ending HTML tag are recognized
as HTML-coded information by your browser.
HEAD
It indicates the first part of your HTML document and it contains TITLE.
TITLE
Title contains your document title and indicate what kind of content is in your document.
Therefore, titles are usually used by search engines when we search by keywords.
A title you write in HTML document does not show up on its actual Web page.
The title shows up at the very top of the browser window, above
the "File" and "Edit" menus. The name of the title of this web page is
the same as the first text that appears on it: "Basic Document and Tag
Structure"
BODY
It is the part that contains HEADINGS (don't confuse these with "HEAD"--see
more below), PARAGRAPHS, and several other elements. It can contain
different kinds and sizes of fonts.
HEADINGS
In the BODY, there are six levels of headings. H1 is the largest font
and H6 is the smallest.
PARAGRAPHS
Also in the BODY, a PARAGRAPH tag is used to break between paragraphs.
It enters a blank line in between two lines of text. Similarly, a BREAK
tag moves to the next line of text without putting a blank line in.
Anyway, actual html document looks like this,
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Title goes here</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>Headings</H1>
<P>This is your first paragraph!</P>
<P>This is the second paragraph!! </P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Tags are CASE INSENSITIVE
The HTML standard dictates that the two tags <HTML> and <html>
are treated equivalently by any browser.
You can even start with <HTML> and close with </html>.
As an extreme example the following HTML tags
<FoNt CoLOr=#00aCfF> Light blue text goes here !
</FoNT>
also work, but are difficult to read.
Pairs of tags vs. Single tags
Most tags are used in pairs, however, an exception is the "LIST ITEM" or
<LI> tag.
<UL>
<LI> dog
<LI> cat
</UL>
The code above creates an unnumbered list that looks like this:
HTML file names
HTML documents are usually named "filename.html". The extension ".html"
indicates to the browser that "filename" is an HTML document.
".htm" is also used in same way and browsers can
recognize that
".htm" documents are written in HTML.
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